Why Do We Need Optical Transponder (O-E-O)?

by http://www.fiber-mart.com

Nowadays, more and more data centers utilize the WDM technology to gain bigger capacity for various applications, such as, 10G LAN, SONET/SDH, Fiber Channel, etc. Through this method, we can not only reduce the multiple fiber use, carry the signals through only one fiber, but also expand our network capacity. Since there are such benefits from WDM technology, why not use it to deploy our network? At present, there are various kinds of equipment required for WDM system, for instance, WDM Mux Demux, optical fiber amplifier and optical transponder. To build a high performance WDM network, this paper will mainly introduce the optical transponder, an important component in the WDM network, and illustrate why we need optical transponder.
What’s Optical Transponder (O-E-O)?
Optical transponder is an optical component designed for amplifying and shaping signals, and even for converting the wavelength and the pattern of the signals, which is commonly used in optical transmission. It can be also reffered to as WDM converter, OEO converter or WDM transponder. With the use of optical transponder, the optical transmission distance can be much extended and the cost for deploying long transmission can be highly reduced. It is really an cost effective solution for long transmission. Furthermore, it features small and handy shape which is very easy to install. To better know the optical transponder, here offers a kind of 10g transponder that enables SFP+ to XFP, SFP+ to SFP+ or XFP to XFP fiber connections.
10G Transponder
Why Do We Need Optical Transponder (O-E-O)?
The optical transponder can be applied in various occasions for different aims. For instance, it can be regarded as optical repeater, signal wavelength converter, transmission mode converter, etc, for optimizing the signal quality, extending the transmission distance, converting the signal wavelength and the transmission mode. Let’s study these common functions of the optical transponder.
Optical Repeater: the optical transponder can act as an optical repeater to amplify the signals, so that transmission distance can be extended. Meanwhile, it can also dejitters and retransmits the degraded signal for optimizing the signal quality. Hence, a smoother, longer transmission can be achieved.
Signal Wavelength Converter: the optical transponder is always used as signal wavelength converter. It can convert an original kind of signals into several kinds with different wavelengths, hence the WDM network connection can be built on the base of a traditional network connection. When the signals pass through the optical transponder, they can be received, converted and transmitted with other kinds of wavelengths. But the signal content will not be changed in the process. To illustrate how the optical transponder works as signal wavelength converter, the following figure shows the signal wavelength conversion from traditional 850 nm, 1310 nm and 1550 nm into DWDM wavelengths in 10G LAN, SONET/SDH, Fiber Channel applications for your reference.
OEO for Signal Wavelength Convertion
Transmission Mode Converter: we can also use the optical transponder to change the fiber transmission mode, such as, converting multimode into singlemode transmission and duplex into simplex transmission. Here offers a multimode into singlemode convertion design as an example. From the figure, you can learn that the signal is firstly transmitted through multimode fiber. And after passing through the first optical transponder, it can be transmitted through singlemode fiber at lengths 90 km. To extend the transmission distance, the second optical transponder is deployed and the transmission is extended from 90 km to 165 km. Finally, the signal will pass through the third optical transponder and the transmission mode will be converted into multimode again. Thereby a long singlemode transmission up to 165 km can fit with the existing multimode system.
Conclusion
It can’t be denied that the optical transponder plays an important role in our network. It can not only highly extend the transmission distance, but also increase the network capacity by converting the traditional signals into CWDM or DWDM signals to fit with the WDM system. What’s more, it can also change the fiber transmission mode. Except for these common functions, there are still several functions not mentioned, for instance, offering a redundant fiber path for extra protection. Then, why not use the optical transponder to optimize our network?

WDM Filter Technology

As an unprecedented opportunity to dramatically increase the bandwidth capacity, WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology is an ideal solution to get more bandwidth and lower cost in nowadays telecommunications networks. WDM Filters can separate or combine optical signals carried on different wavelengths in a cost-effective manner.

 

Splitters versus Filters

One issue with WDM-PON(Passive Optical Network) is that there is no industry-accepted definition. WDM-PON is an architecture based on optical filters rather than Fiber Optic Filter. Following are two reasons:

One is insertion loss. Choosing filters implies arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs). No other filter technology is seriously considered for WDM-PON if filters are used.

With an AWG, the insertion loss is independent of the number of wavelengths supported. This differs from using a splitter-based architecture where every 1×2 device introduces a 3dB loss. Using a 1×64 splitter, the insertion loss is 14 or 15dB whereas for a 40-channel AWG the loss can be as low as 4dB. Thus using filters rather than splitters, the insertion loss is much lower for a comparable number of client ONUs.

There is also a cost benefit associated with a low insertion loss. To limit the cost of next-generation PON, the transceiver design must be constrained to a 25dB power budget associated with existing PON transceivers.

To live with transceivers with a 25dB power budget, the insertion loss of the passive distribution network must be minimised, explaining why filters are favoured.

The other main benefit of using filters is security. With a filter-based PON, wavelength point-to-point connections result. This is an issue with PON where traffic is shared.

 

Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG)

AWG, including Athermal AWG (AAWG) and Thermal AWG (TAWG), is commonly used as optical MUX/DeMUX in WDM systems. AAWG have equivalent performance to standard TAWG but require no electrical power, software or temperature.

 

Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)

FBGs are versatile wavelength filters for multiplexing and demultiplexing WDM signals. They also can compensate for chromatic dispersion that can degrade the quality of the WDM signal in an optical fiber.

 

Thin Film Filter (TFF)

Thin film filters were adopted very early on and have been widely deployed since because they have the unique attributes that meet the stringent requirements of optical communication systems. The main advantage of thin film filters is its ability to achieve high accuracy in processing in small device sizes when compared it to competing technologies.

 

 

Conclusion

1310/1490/1550 FTTX FWDM is based on filter based platform for optical device. 1490/1310/1550nm FTTH FWDM can realize the multiplexing and demultiplexing of two communication signal 1490/1310 and 1550nm. filter-based WDM components have much wider operating bandwidth, lower insertion loss, higher power handling, high isolation, etc and Achieve two-way communication, which is widely used in the upgrade and expansion of optical networks. For more information, welcome to visit www.fiber-mart.com or contact me at service@fiber-mart.com

Fiber Optic Enclosures In Cabling Systems

Fiber-optic cabling systems have a few specialized components, including fiber optic enclosures and connectors.

Fiber-optic cabling systems have a few specialized components, including fiber optic enclosures and connectors.

Fiber optic enclosure is a box to load fiber optic patch panel/fiber optic cassettes and other accessories in to provide a cable management solution for fiber cabling. Fiber enclosure ensures a tidy cabling environment and protects fragile fibers from outside damage. Also, the elaborate design of various types of fiber optic enclosures allows different deployment scenarios and better caters for specific requirements. Fiber enclosure rack mount or fiber enclosure wall mount enclosure provides optional mount applications.

 

 

What Is Fiber Optic Enclosure?

Fiber enclosure/fiber spice box may refer to an empty box or an intact unit after installation. A loaded fiber optic box contains installed assembly units to connect and separate various fiber optic cables. Usually fiber optic enclosure unloaded comes with 1U/2U/4U available, which can house corresponding quantity of fiber optic cassettes or fiber patch panels. Some people mention fiber optic enclosure and fiber optic patch panel as the same thing since they are matching devices.

 

What to Benefit From Fiber Optic Enclosure?

Cable Management Function

  • In general, fiber enclosure functions cable management in data centers for a clean and tidy cabling environment.
  • It houses and fix fiber optic patch panel or fiber optic cassettes in a box for better management and protection.
  • Fiber optic enclosure inside accessories such as fiber slack management spool provides a proper bend radius for cables and helps to route, manage and store fibers.
  • Different types of adapters installed-in enable various incoming fibers to be terminated in high density and protected them from damage.

 

 

Types of Fiber Optic Enclosures

 

Patch panels come in many shapes and sizes. Some are mounted on a wall and are known as surface-mount patch panels. Others are mounted in a rack and are called rack mount patch panels. Each type has its own benefits. Surface mount panels are cheaper and easier to work with, but they can’t hold as many cables and ports. Surface-mount patch panels make good choices for smaller (fewer than 50 drops) cabling installation. Rack-mount panels are more flexible, but they are more expensive. Rack mount patch panels make better choices for larger installations. Patch panels are the main products used in LAN installations today because they are extremely cost-effective and allow great flexibility when connecting workstations.

 

In addition to the standard fiber patch panels, a fiber-optic installation may have one or more fiber distribution panels, which are very similar to patch panels in that many cables interconnect them. However, in a distribution panel, the connections are more permanent. Distributions panels usually have a lock and key to prevent end users from making unauthorized changes. Generally speaking, a patch panel is found wherever fiber optic equipment hubs, switches, and routers are found. Distribution panels are found wherever multifiber cables are split out into individual cables. Here is the example of 24 port patch panel.

 

Conclusion

Wall-mount available unloaded, as well as having the capability to become a full-splice enclosure with mechanical terminations. Fiber-MART supplies two types of fiber splice closures which are the horizontal (inline) type and the vertical (dome) type. Both are made of excellent engineering plastics to be waterproof and dust proof. And with various ports types, they can fit different fiber optic core numbers. More details about splice closure. Any question pls feel free to contact me at service@fiber-mart.com

2Door 8Adapter Panel Wall mount Fiber Enclosure

2-Door 8-Adapter Panel Wall Mount Fiber Enclosure

Ultra Low Insertion Loss and More Efficient Cabling Your Data CenterFiber-MART.COM Wall Mount Fiber Enclosure is a smart way to deploy your network in a building, more neatly, conveniently, and flexibly.

Learn More
Fiber-MART’s wall mount interconnect enclosure (FWME8) provides a convenient convergence point for interconnecting and splicing in wall mount applications. The enclosure features a well-engineered solution for fiber and cable management on both the ingress and egress openings of the enclosure.

Part Number FHD-FWME8 Vendor Name Fiber-MART.COM
Fiber Count Max.192 Fibers Material SPCC (Black Coating)
Mounting Type Wall-Mountable Dimensions (WxHxD) 16.11″x20.28″x3.51″(409.2×515.2×89.4mm)
Related Product Adapter Panel Compliant TIA/EIA-568-C.3

Product Highlights

Black Powder Coated SPCC Rugged Heavy-Duty Steel Housing

1.5mm SPCC steel to enhance fiber enclosure service life.

0.15mm powder better prevent housing scratches and rust.

Installation of FHD Fiber Enclosure

Two slack spools and two fiber adapter panels installed pn the fiber enclosure to provide an easy to manage environment for fiber patch cables.

Accessories included in Fiber Enclosure

Accessories Optional for FHD Series Enclosure

Multi-Style Mounting and High-Density Installed in 10G/40G/100G Storage,Telecom and Data Center Housing

  • FHD Series Fiber Patch Cable Optional

2Door 4Adapter Panel Wall Mount Fiber Enclosure

2-Door 4-Adapter Panel Wall Mount Fiber Enclosure

Ultra Low Insertion Loss and More Efficient Cabling Your Data CenterFiber-MART.COM Wall Mount Fiber Enclosure is a smart way to deploy your network in a building, more neatly, conveniently, and flexibly.

Learn More
Fiber-MART’s wall mount interconnect enclosure (FWME4) provides a convenient convergence point for interconnecting and splicing in wall mount applications. The enclosure features a well-engineered solution for fiber and cable management on both the ingress and egress openings of the enclosure.

Part Number FHD-FWME4 Vendor Name Fiber-MART.COM
Fiber Count Max.96 Fibers Material SPCC (Black Coating)
Mounting Type Wall-Mountable Dimensions (WxHxD) 16.11″x12.28″x3.51″(409.2x312x89.4mm)
Related Product Adapter Panel,HD Cassette Compliant TIA/EIA-568-C.3

Product Highlights

Black Powder Coated SPCC Rugged Heavy-Duty Steel Housing

1.5mm SPCC steel to enhance fiber enclosure service life.

0.15mm powder better prevent housing scratches and rust.

Installation of FHD Fiber Enclosure

Accessories included in Fiber Enclosure

Accessories Optional for FHD Series Enclosure

Multi-Style Mounting and High-Density Installed in 10G/40G/100G Storage,Telecom and Data Center Housing

  • FHD Series Fiber Patch Cable Optional

  • FHD Series 24F MTP HD Cassette Optional

Basic knowledge of Fiber Optic Cable Jacket & Fire Rating

Fiber optic cable is constructed from the inside core, cladding, coating, strengthen member to the outside cable jacket. As the bare fiber is easily broken, fiber optic cable jacket is needed to provide protection for the shielding and conductors within the cable. The cable jacket is the first line of moisture, mechanical, flame and chemical defense for a fiber cable.

Fiber Optic

Fiber optic cable is constructed from the inside core, cladding, coating, strengthen member to the outside cable jacket. As the bare fiber is easily broken, fiber optic cable jacket is needed to provide protection for the shielding and conductors within the cable. The cable jacket is the first line of moisture, mechanical, flame and chemical defense for a fiber cable.

Fiber Optic Cable Jacket Material

Fiber cable jacket is made of various types of materials. It’s important to consider the jacket type when selecting the compatibility with the application’s connectors and environment. The table below contains some of the most common fiber cable jacket material types used both indoor and outdoor cables.

Fiber Optic Cable Jacket Color Code

According to EIA/TIA-598, the fiber optic cable color code defines the jacket color codes for different fiber types (SMF or MMF). For single mode fiber, the jacket color is typically yellow. While for multimode cable, the jacket color can be orange (OM1 & OM2 cable), aqua (OM3 cable) and purple (OM4 cable). For outside plant cables, the standard jacket color is black. For more information about fiber optic cable color code, please refer to How to Identify the Fiber Optic Cable Color Code?

Fiber Optic Cable Fire Rating

Typically, there are eight levels of fire resistance for both non-conductive and conductive cables specified by NEC (National Electrical Code). All indoor fiber optic cables must be marked and installed properly for its intended use: plenums, risers and general purpose areas.

Note:

(1) A Plenum area is a building space used for air flow or air distribution system (drop ceiling and raised floors).

(2) A Riser area is a floor opening, shaft or duct that runs vertically through one or more floors.

(3) A general purpose area is all other area that is not plenum or riser and on the same floor.

OFNP vs. OFNR

As mentioned above, OFNP and OFNR are two types of fiber optic cables that are used in buildings. OFNP cables have fire-resistance and low smoke production characteristics. This is the highest fire rating fiber cable and no other cable types can be used as substitutes. So these cables are mostly installed in plenum areas. Whereas, the fiber-resistance and low smoke of OFNR cables are not good as OFNP. OFNP plenum cables can be used as substitutes for OFNR cables. Through OFNR vs. OFNP, it is worth noticing that OFNR fiber optic cable cannot be used in plenum areas to replace OFNP cables, however, the latter can be used in the riser areas. Both OFNP and OFNR can be used in general purpose areas.

Fiber-Mart Plenum/Riser Fiber Optic Cable Solutions

In the nutshell, plenum rated and riser rated cables are generally deployed within the buildings. Choosing the right type of rated cables can effectively reduce loss when the cables are burning. If your cabling application requires materials that are flame-retardant or compliant with strict safety standards, please always opt for plenum-rated cables. Fiber-mart provides a full line of plenum and riser fiber optic cables, including MTP plenum trunk cables, MTP-LC plenum harness cables, tight-buffered distribution plenum cables, armored tight-buffered plenum cables, and tight-buffered distribution / breakout riser cables. If you have any questions or requirement of Optical Fiber，welcome to contact us: product@fiber-mart.com.