by http://www.fiber-mart.comThere are many decisions that need to be made during the fiber network design phase. However, these decisions can be grouped into higher-level buckets that make it easier for operators to prioritize. The Primary GoalFirst and foremost, operators need to have a clear sense of the overarching purpose of a new network. Nearly all critical design decisions flow from this point. Fiber networks can be designed for long-distance or same-site communication. Long-distance communication is primarily supported by outside plant networks which can carry signals across hundreds or thousands of miles. More and more, outside plant networks are delivering digital information directly to homes or commercial buildings as fiber optic technology has grown more sophisticated and cost effective. Premises networks, on the other hand, are used for short-range communication and often support computer networks, security systems, and other similar applications. In these networks, it is still common to see copper and coaxial cables as the primary medium through which signals are transmitted. Once the primary goal is established, operators can choose which communication system they will support and what transmission equipment is needed. Financial SuccessFiber operators and network owners must define “financial success” for the proposed network development. In addition to calculating projected CapEx and OpEx, it’s important for those involved to have a sense of what revenue and profit per customer they need to achieve an attractive return on investment. Additionally, calculations should factor in the time horizon needed to recoup upfront costs. Even if a network runs profitably from year to year, it may not make sense to move forward with a project that will take more than 20 years to breakeven. Overall, there are many different financial calculations and strategies that operators can use to qualify their project before investing significant time or money. Transmission EquipmentThe two biggest factors when it comes to choosing transmission equipment are distance and bandwidth. It’s crucial to know both how far and how fast a network needs to carry signals to end users. During this step, it’s important for operators to engage with the network owners and manufacturers to ensure that the right equipment is selected for the intended design. Equipment decisions vary drastically depending on if operators are preparing to support long, undersea routes or short links in dense cities or campuses. Network LayoutNext, operators can start to think about the actual layout of their networks. To start, designers should create both a high-level and low-level view of the proposed fiber network. The high-level design is intended to paint an overall picture of the architecture, signal flow, and relationships between crucial components. It also helps estimate costs before diving into the nuances of the network. The low-level design adds a layer of detail to the high-level design and defines the logic that will drive the individual components. With the theoretical designs built, designers can then move to drawing layouts that correspond to real geographic areas. The physical landscape, natural or built, has a major impact on how cables are installed. Operators should consult with architects, building managers, and engineers to obtain architectural drawings for any infrastructure through which cables will run. It is not uncommon for larger networks to require multiple types of cable placements in order to cover wide areas. Fiber may need to run underground, along roads, over telephone poles, underwater, or through conduits depending on the local geography. At this stage, operators should also decide whether their network will be active or passive. Active networks manage signal distribution “actively” using electrically powered switching equipment. Passive networks rely on optical splitters to send signals where they need to go. Although operators can make a lot of progress with digital planning and mapping, they should also make on-site visits, travel along proposed cable routes, and inspect buildings. Doing so enables them to see obstacles that may not be obvious otherwise. Additionally, some local entities may have useful information on where pathways or conduits exist for other cables. Visiting local professionals can lead to insights that could save time and money on unnecessary construction. When designing the actual layout of a network, it’s helpful to have a GIS platform capable of mapping geological data, such as roads, buildings, and local landscapes, alongside potential cable routes. That way, it is easy to visualize networks in the environments in which they will actually exist. Regulatory RequirementsBefore breaking any ground, operators should conduct utility research and ensure they can legally place cable and build out their desired network infrastructure. Some governments may prohibit or restrict certain types of fiber network developments. Next, operators need to obtain all necessary permits, permissions, easements, and inspections. Every market is different, which is why it is helpful to have professionals on the team who fully understand the regulatory nuances in the area. Operators should also reach out to agencies that have information regarding power lines, gas lines, and other hidden infrastructure that could cause harm to personnel if impacted during installation. Many local governments enforce a “Dig Once” policy, which encourages operators to install excess cables during initial installations. Doing so reduces future construction and disruption, especially in dense metropolitan areas. Operators should plan for future growth along their networks and place enough cable to support in-market expansion. Network ComponentsOnce operators feel comfortable with their routes and have thoroughly vetted the build area, they are ready to select network components. The type of cable needed depends on the design and installation approach. For example, if a developer decides to install cables in conduits underground for an OSP network, he or she needs cables that can withstand high pulling tension, especially for longer routes. If cables are going to be buried directly in the ground, they should be armored and capable of withstanding high pressures, animal biting, and sharp rocks. With aerial installations, cables need to be securely fitted to telephone poles. The method by which cables are secured depends on the specific situation and what other wires may already exist along the route. For underwater installations, cables should have strong and sealed external layers that can exist without degrading for many years. Cables for premises networks are typically distribution or breakout cables. Distribution cables are smaller in diameter and hold more fibers. However, they must terminate inside wall boxes or patch panels. Breakout cables are better suited for industrial applications and can make direct connections without any hardware. For each of these installation approaches, operators must also choose corresponding splicing and termination hardware. It is highly recommended that fiber network operators create materials lists consisting of all components and conservative quantities for the entire network. These lists are used to estimate material costs and provide installation teams with a full summary of what is needed. Installation & TestingFiber network installation involves many specialized teams and skills. The biggest challenge at this stage is coordinating all efforts effectively to ensure that everything is completed in the right order. Project managers should work with team leads to obtain conservative estimates on completion times and understand the full scope of what is being accomplished at all times. Inevitably, there will be challenges and issues that arise. There should always be a project manager or technical expert onsite who can review installation progress. It’s also necessary to have someone who can be reached 24/7, especially since many installations are done at night. Even with a well-planned and executed installation process, there may be equipment issues that need to be addressed. For this reason, operators should have thorough plans around testing components and evaluating overall network performance. Installation teams should also visually inspect all components to check for physical damages. Before installation begins, project leads and network owners should specify exactly what equipment should be tested, how test results are documented, and what metrics are expected. Many projects test every individual fiber and component before installation and then conduct follow-up assessments as segments are placed. Network owners often want to see test data that proves their networks operate as expected.
Author: Fiber-MART.COM
eShop of Fiber Optic Network, Fiber Cables & Tools
How Should You Plan For A Fiber Installation?
After a network is designed, installation teams are ready to move forward. Installing fiber networks can be overwhelming as there are many teams to coordinate and tasks to execute. It’s important to develop an organized installation process and ensure all those involved are clear on their responsibilities.
Master Task List
One of the best ways to stay on track during a fiber installation is to create a master task list of all activities that need to be completed. Every fiber development is unique, which is why the master task list will differ from project to project.
It’s important to recognize that not all tasks will be completed sequentially. Some can move forward in parallel while others must be done in a particular order.
Consult all parties involved in a development to ensure that every critical step is captured and recorded. Every task should be listed with clear descriptions, completion dates, and contact information for whoever is on point. Any component purchases should list vendors, prices, expected delivery dates, and delivery locations.
Project Manager
Every network development needs a project manager who is involved from start to finish. The project manager should be apprised on the overall goal of the development, the layout of the network, the technical requirements, and the key people or organizations involved. The project manager should also have a replacement who can step in should the need arise.
The project manager is responsible for ensuring the network installation is carried out successfully and safely. He or she can use the master task list and any other project management tools to keep teams organized and on track. Involving project managers as early as possible in the design process can be helpful for making sure they are fully equipped with all of the information and context they need to be successful.
How Do You Choose A Contractor To Build The Fiber Network?
Network contractors are tremendously important to the overall success of the fiber development project. Potential partners should be evaluated on a number of metrics before moving forward with an installation. Network contractors should be experienced and knowledgeable in every area of the fiber network design phase. They should have sharp design skills and expertise in the local geography, in addition to a working understanding of critical success factors related to the specific market. Contractors must also have vast technical proficiency and know how all network components work together. On the installation side, contractors should include network testing within the scope of the engagement and help prepare for future troubleshooting. They should also be committed to clear documentation practices and ensure that all recordkeeping is up to defined standards. Finally, fiber network contractors should have all of the necessary certifications in the field. Ask potential partners to furnish up-to-date records that prove they operate in full compliance with industry standards.
3 Reasons Why Dark Fiber is the Way of the Future
The telecommunications rate is growing like wildfire, with new technologies and ways of interfacing with users springing up faster every year. In fact, over the past five years, the Fiber-Optic Cable Manufacturing Industry has exploded, growing by a staggering 11.8%. Industries are pushing to bring the latest and greatest to new markets such as Mexico. If you’re looking for a primer on some of the benefits of fiber optic services, check out this primer to help your business make the switch.
Greater Connectivity
Mexico’s ambitious plans for a backbone network aims to provide a national data transport network stretching more than 25,000 km. Illuminating the dark fiber will not only provide critical infrastructure to cities, but will allow for connectivity in areas with limited or no service.
More Options for Service Providers Means Greater Accessibility
In addition to the boom in fiber optic internet connectivity, Mexico’s backbone network has created space for a greater diversification of ISPs. While this may not mean as much for larger cities where healthy competition is thriving, this is especially important in areas where few providers means that consumers are beholden to rates and connectivity offered by their local provider. Simply put: more options is better for consumers at every level.
Higher Speeds and Capacity
Fiber optic services are the next step in telecommunications for many reasons, but it’s impossible to deny the greatest reason of all: as connectivity becomes a greater global necessity, internet services must rise to the occasion. Regardless of any of the other factors on this list, there’s no denying that internet services are boosted by the speed and heavy-lifting that fiber optic services are able to provide. With data transfer speeds topping 15 terabits per second, there’s no denying this technology’s speed. This ability to parse heavy loads at breakneck speeds is crucial when outfitting forward facing businesses, where staying connected with consumers can be the difference between maintaining and losing a relationship. As we discussed previously, this is also critically important when establishing larger infrastructures, where the connectivity that fiber optic communications provide can be the difference between flawless communication and being left in the dark.
One way or another, dark fiber services are the next step in telecom strategies. Have you considered making the switch? Talk to us about your reasons for making the change.
Why Dark Fiber? How This Internet Could Change Your Life For the Better
In the modern age, we rely on internet services to connect with the rest of the world. But there might be more ways to connect than you’d think. The growing popularity of dark fiber cable connectivity proves that. But what exactly is dark fiber and what are the benefits of having this type of fiber optic network? By understanding these two points a bit more clearly, you’ll be in a better position to make an informed choice about the type of internet you might want to use for your business.
Understanding Dark Fiber
The concept of dark fiber is actually pretty simple. It refers to infrastructure that’s already in place underground but that doesn’t yet have the setup (meaning pertinent software or hardware) to provide connectivity. While the potential is there, the details have not yet been put into place. These unused fibers are essentially waiting to be used — hence why they’re referred to as “dark.”
Why Use Dark Fiber Cable for Internet Services?
Fiber optic internet and fiber optic cable applications are popular for good reason. After all, a single optical fiber can carry over 3 million full-duplex voice calls or an impressive 90,000 television channels. In general, fiber optic internet is a fast and reliable way to connect.
But dark fiber provides additional benefits, particularly for those who need to use ample bandwidth and want to decrease latency (or lag). Dark fiber options tend to provide greater flexibility for the end-user, meaning that these types of internet services can be versatile enough to meet the needs of businesses both large and small. And if your business is in the midst of an immense growth period, dark fiber internet can also scale with you as needed. Speed and overall performance are also enhanced with this option, as efficiency is prioritized.
Another major benefit for businesses operating today is the added security that dark fiber offers. Because dark fiber networks are private, businesses won’t need to spend as many of their resources on security measures. While you can never be too careful, dark fiber networks are one of the best ways to safeguard your organization from harm. Not only will you avoid being stuck with unexpected costs related to breaches and data loss, but you’ll also be better able to predict bandwidth price increases; should you need to make changes to your system, the costs will be easier to manage as your business thrives.
While your business has numerous choices when it comes to an internet service, you might be smart to consider how dark fiber can change your life — and your business — for the better. For more information, please contact us today.
Thinking About Fiber Optic Internet: 5 Advantages to Consider
When it comes to home internet, you could find yourself lost in the world of connectivity. There are so many options, and it’s possible to quickly become confused with all the different choices available. It seems as though internet companies are popping up everywhere, which can leave residents wondering which option is best for them and their connectivity needs. Below we will discuss the benefits of choosing fiber optic internet over other options such as cable internet.
Speed
When you choose fiber optic services, your internet speed will be noticeably increased. Many fiber optic network services use mono-mode fibers for longer distances. Distances longer than 1.000 meters typically use mono-mode fibers because it lets less light through and reduces light reflections. The result is that signals can travel longer distances at a much faster rate, providing faster internet speed. A fiber optic line is a dedicated line that is used for nothing more data transfer which means there are fewer interruptions. This results in much faster internet speed and not as much downtime or as many delays.
Security
The type of lines that your data is traveling through can easily be compromised, which in turn can compromise all of the things that you do while online. Fiber optic material is harder to compromise compared with other material such as copper. Networks made of fiber reduce radiation, which means it is almost impossible to hack into and compromise user information. This, coupled with your Wifi security, means that your home internet will be secured from hackers and others trying to steal your information.
Costs
The cost for fiber cable has come down over the years, which means that this is the best choice for consumers looking for new cable installation. Lowered prices for fiber optic cable provides more cost-effective options in the home internet services arena. The services and speed this cable provides coupled with the enhanced connectivity makes this the most affordable option without sacrificing quality.
Reliability
Customers want to know that they can count of their internet connection and that they will have service even during peak times. Using fiber optic services ensures that connectivity is not a problem. Transmission of data will be consistently speedy when fiber internet is used. This means that you can count on your service being available anytime of the day, no matter how many other people are on it at the same time.
Lowered Interference
There is less interference associated with fiber optics that with other internet options. Other options are not part of a closed system and that means that other signals can negatively affect your connection. An optical fiber cable network reduces interference while being used. Less interference means that you will not experience any lag with your signal strength. Reduced interference also means that your signal won’t experience stops like other network cables do.
Fiber optic choices are becoming more and more popular — and it is easy to see why. The cost used to be what deterred many customers, but greater affordability makes this a more attractive option for many. If you want speed and reliability with your home internet, then choosing fiber optic would be a good choice.
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